The chips that sat around the CPU on 1970s and 1980s boards: programmable peripheral interfaces (8255), interval timers (8253/8254, 6840), DMA controllers (8237), DRAM controllers (8202, 8203), UARTs and DUARTs (8251, 2661, 68681), parallel interface timers (68230), Z80 support chips, and 68000-family processors.
These are the parts restorers, arcade and pinball techs, and industrial controller owners hunt for when a socketed chip fails. Chips here are new old stock or pulls from decommissioned equipment.
Second sources were common in this era: an Intel 8255 has equivalents from Toshiba, NEC and others, and an 8251 from Mitsubishi. Check any speed-grade suffix (such as the -5 on an 8255A-5) against your board's clock before you order; the suffix scheme varies by maker.
Makers include Motorola, Intel, Toshiba, Zilog, Signetics, Mitsubishi, Samsung and National Semiconductor.
Related: Microcontrollers, Memory ICs and Logic ICs.
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